Although known to Arab and European sailors since at least the early 1500s, the island of Mauritius was uninhabited until 1638 when the Dutch established a settlement named in honor of Prince Maurits van NASSAU. Their presence led to the rapid disappearance of the flightless dodo bird that has since become one of the most well-known examples of extinction in modern times. The Dutch abandoned their financially distressed settlement in 1710, although a number of formerly enslaved people remained.
- Capital
- Port Louis
- Government
- parliamentary republic
- Population
- 1,311,375
- Area
- 2,040 sq km
- Location
- Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, about 800 km (500 mi) east of Madagascar
- Climate
- tropical, modified by southeast trade winds; warm, dry winter (May to November); hot, wet, humid summer (November to May)
- Natural resources
- arable land; fish
- Languages
- Creole 86.5%; Bhojpuri 5.3%; French 4.1%; two languages 1.4%…
- Religions
- Hindu 48.5%; Roman Catholic 26.3%; Muslim 17.3%; other Christian 6.4%…
- Independence
- 12 March 1968 (from the UK)
- Administrative divisions
- 9 districts and 3 dependencies*; Agalega Islands*, Black River, Cargados Carajos Shoals*, Flacq, Grand Port, Moka, Pampl…
- Currency
- Mauritian rupees (MUR)
- Export partners
- USA 11%; France 11%; Zimbabwe 10%; South Africa 7%…
- Import partners
- China 15%; UAE 11%; India 10%; South Africa 9%…