Profile
Background and figures as recorded in the CIA World Factbook.
Europeans first saw Jamaica when Christopher COLUMBUS arrived in 1494, and the Spanish settled the island early in the 16th century. The Native Taino, who had inhabited Jamaica for centuries, were gradually exterminated and replaced with African slaves. England seized the island in 1655 and established a plantation economy based on sugar, cocoa, and coffee. The abolition of slavery in 1834 freed a quarter-million slaves, many of whom became small farmers. Jamaica gradually increased its independence from Britain. In 1958, it joined other British Caribbean colonies in forming the Federation of the West Indies.
- Capital
- Kingston
- Government
- parliamentary democracy (Parliament) under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
- Population
- 2,938,503
- Area
- 10,991 sq km
- Location
- Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, south of Cuba
- Climate
- tropical; hot, humid; temperate interior
- Natural resources
- bauxite; alumina; gypsum; limestone
- Languages
- English; Jamaican patois
- Religions
- Protestant 64.8% (includes Seventh Day Adventist 12.0%; Pentecostal 11.0%; Other Church of God 9.2%; New Testament Church of God 7.2%…
- Independence
- 6 August 1962 (from the UK)
- Administrative divisions
- 14 parishes; Clarendon, Hanover, Kingston, Manchester, Portland, Saint Andrew, Saint Ann, Saint Catherine, Saint Elizabe…
- Currency
- Jamaican dollars (JMD)
- Export partners
- USA 37%; Russia 7%; Latvia 7%; Iceland 7%…
- Import partners
- USA 39%; China 11%; Brazil 4%; Colombia 4%…
Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain