After declaring independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912, Albania experienced a period of political upheaval that led to a short-lived monarchy, which ended in 1939 when Italy conquered the country. Germany then occupied Albania in 1943, and communist partisans took over the country in 1944. Albania allied itself first with the USSR (until 1960) and then with China (until 1978). In the early 1990s, Albania ended communist rule and established a multiparty democracy.
- Capital
- Tirana (Tirane)
- Government
- parliamentary republic
- Population
- 2,551,837
- Area
- 28,748 sq km
- Location
- Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Greece to the south and Montenegro and Kosovo to the north
- Climate
- mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter
- Natural resources
- petroleum; natural gas; coal; bauxite; chromite; copper…
- Languages
- Albanian 98.8% (official - derived from Tosk dialect); Greek 0.5%; other 0.6% (including Macedonian; Romani…
- Religions
- Muslim 56.7%; Roman Catholic 10%; Orthodox 6.8%; atheist 2.5%…
- Independence
- 28 November 1912 (from the Ottoman Empire)
- Administrative divisions
- 12 counties (qarqe, singular - qark); Berat, Diber, Durres, Elbasan, Fier, Gjirokaster, Korce, Kukes, Lezhe, Shkoder, Ti…
- Currency
- leke (ALL)
- Export partners
- Italy 41%; Greece 10%; Germany 5%; Spain 5%…
- Import partners
- Italy 22%; China 11%; Turkey 9%; Germany 7%…