Montenegro

The use of the name Crna Gora or Black Mountain (Montenegro) began in the 13th century in reference to a highland region in the Serbian province of Zeta. Under Ottoman control beginning in 1496, Montenegro was a semi-autonomous theocracy ruled by a series of bishop princes until 1852, when it became a secular principality. Montenegro fought a series of wars with the Ottomans and eventually won recognition as an independent sovereign principality at the Congress of Berlin in 1878. In 1918, the country was absorbed by the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which became the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929.

Capital

Podgorica

Government

parliamentary republic

Population

599,849

Area

13,812 sq km

Location

Southeastern Europe, between the Adriatic Sea and Serbia

Climate

Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland

Natural resources

bauxite; hydroelectricity

Languages

Serbian 42.9%; Montenegrin (official) 37%; Bosnian 5.3%; Albanian 5.3%…

Religions

Orthodox 72.1%; Muslim 19.1%; Catholic 3.4%; atheist 1.2%…

Independence

3 June 2006 (from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro);

Administrative divisions

25 municipalities (opstine, singular - opstina); Andrijevica, Bar, Berane, Bijelo Polje, Budva, Cetinje, Danilovgrad, Gu…

Currency

euros (EUR)

Export partners

Italy 38%; Serbia 13%; Spain 6%; Slovenia 5%…

Import partners

Serbia 21%; China 10%; Germany 8%; Croatia 6%…

Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain

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