Profile
Background and figures as recorded in the CIA World Factbook.
The hunter-gatherer San people first inhabited the area that eventually became Zimbabwe. Farming communities migrated to the area around A.D. 500 during the Bantu expansion, and Shona-speaking societies began to develop in the Limpopo valley and Zimbabwean highlands around the 9th century. These societies traded with Arab merchants on the Indian Ocean coast and organized under the Kingdom of Mapungubwe in the 11th century. A series of powerful trade-oriented Shona states succeeded Mapungubwe, including the Kingdom of Zimbabwe (ca. 1220-1450), Kingdom of Mutapa (ca. 1450-1760), and the Rozwi Empire.
- Capital
- Harare
- Government
- presidential republic
- Population
- 17,472,752
- Area
- 390,757 sq km
- Location
- Southern Africa, between South Africa and Zambia
- Climate
- tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season (November to March)
- Natural resources
- coal; chromium ore; asbestos; gold; nickel; copper…
- Languages
- Shona (official; most widely spoken) 80.9%; Ndebele (official; second most widely spoken) 11.5%…
- Religions
- Apostolic Sect 40.3%; Pentecostal 17%; Protestant 13.8%; other Christian 7.8%…
- Independence
- 18 April 1980 (from the UK)
- Administrative divisions
- 8 provinces and 2 cities* with provincial status; Bulawayo*, Harare*, Manicaland, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East,…
- Currency
- Zimbabwean dollars (ZWD)
- Export partners
- UAE 45%; China 18%; South Africa 15%; Mozambique 4%…
- Import partners
- South Africa 37%; China 15%; Bahamas; The 5%…
Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain