Profile
Background and figures as recorded in the CIA World Factbook.
The first Sinhalese arrived in Sri Lanka late in the 6th century B.C., probably from northern India. Buddhism was introduced circa 250 B.C., and the first kingdoms developed at the cities of Anuradhapura (from about 200 B.C. to about A.D. 1000) and Polonnaruwa (from about A.D. 1070 to 1200). In the 14th century, a South Indian dynasty established a Tamil kingdom in northern Sri Lanka. The Portuguese controlled the coastal areas of the island in the 16th century, followed by the Dutch in the 17th century.
- Capital
- Colombo (commercial capital); Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (legislative capital)
- Government
- presidential republic
- Population
- 22,050,561
- Area
- 65,610 sq km
- Location
- Southern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of India
- Climate
- tropical monsoon; northeast monsoon (December to March); southwest monsoon (June to October)
- Natural resources
- limestone; graphite; mineral sands; gems; phosphates; clay…
- Languages
- Sinhala (official) 87%; Tamil (official) 28.5%; English 23.8%
- Religions
- Buddhist (official) 70.2%; Hindu 12.6%; Muslim 9.7%; Roman Catholic 6.1%…
- Independence
- 4 February 1948 (from the UK)
- Administrative divisions
- 9 provinces; Central, Eastern, North Central, Northern, North Western, Sabaragamuwa, Southern, Uva, Western
- Currency
- Sri Lankan rupees (LKR)
- Export partners
- USA 22%; India 7%; Germany 7%; UK 7%…
- Import partners
- India 21%; China 19%; UAE 10%; Singapore 5%…
Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain