Profile
Background and figures as recorded in the CIA World Factbook.
Continuously populated for at least 2,500 years, the area now known as Sierra Leone is covered with dense jungle that allowed the region to remain relatively protected from invading West African empires. Traders introduced Sierra Leone to Islam, which occupies a central role in Sierra Leonean culture and history. In the 17th century, the British set up a trading post near present-day Freetown. The trade originally involved timber and ivory but later expanded to enslaved people. In 1787, after the American Revolution, Sierra Leone became a destination for Black British loyalists from the new United States.
- Capital
- Freetown
- Government
- presidential republic
- Population
- 9,331,203
- Area
- 71,740 sq km
- Location
- Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea and Liberia
- Climate
- tropical; hot, humid; summer rainy season (May to December); winter dry season (December to April)
- Natural resources
- diamonds; titanium ore; bauxite; iron ore; gold; chromite
- Languages
- English (official; regular use limited to literate minority); Mende (principal vernacular in the south); Temne (principal vernacular in the north)…
- Religions
- Muslim 77.1%; Christian 22.9%
- Independence
- 27 April 1961 (from the UK)
- Administrative divisions
- 4 provinces and 1 area*; Eastern, Northern, North Western, Southern, Western*
- Currency
- leones (SLL)
- Export partners
- China 67%; India 6%; Belgium 5%; Netherlands 4%…
- Import partners
- China 32%; India 15%; UAE 5%; USA 5%…
Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain