Profile
Background and figures as recorded in the CIA World Factbook.
Present-day Mali is named after the Mali Empire that ruled the region between the 13th and 16th centuries. At its peak in the 14th century, it was the largest and wealthiest empire in West Africa and controlled an area about twice the size of modern-day France. Primarily a trading empire, Mali derived its wealth from gold and maintained several goldfields and trade routes in the Sahel. The empire also influenced West African culture through the spread of its language, laws, and customs, but by the 16th century, it had fragmented into mostly small chiefdoms.
- Capital
- Bamako
- Government
- semi-presidential republic
- Population
- 22,634,423
- Area
- 1,240,192 sq km
- Location
- interior Western Africa, southwest of Algeria, north of Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, and Burkina Faso, west of Niger
- Climate
- subtropical to arid; hot and dry (February to June); rainy, humid, and mild (June to November);
- Natural resources
- gold; phosphates; kaolin; salt; limestone; uranium…
- Languages
- Bambara (official); French 17.2%; Peuhl/Foulfoulbe/Fulani 9.4%; Dogon 7.2%…
- Religions
- Muslim 93.9%; Christian 2.8%; animist 0.7%; none 2.5%
- Independence
- 22 September 1960 (from France)
- Administrative divisions
- 19 regions (régions, singular - région), 1 district*; Bamako*, Bandiagara, Bougouni, Dioila, Douentza, Gao, Kayes, Kidal…
- Currency
- Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF)
- Export partners
- UAE 73%; Switzerland 15%; Australia 5%; China 1%…
- Import partners
- Cote d'Ivoire 25%; Senegal 19%; China 12%; France 5%…
Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain