Profile
Background and figures as recorded in the CIA World Factbook.
In 1783, the Sunni AL-KHALIFA family took power in Bahrain. In order to secure these holdings, it entered into a series of treaties with the UK during the 19th century that made Bahrain a British protectorate. The archipelago attained its independence in 1971. A steady decline in oil production and reserves since 1970 prompted Bahrain to take steps to diversify its economy, in the process developing petroleum processing and refining, aluminum production, and hospitality and retail sectors. It has also endeavored to become a leading regional banking center, especially with respect to Islamic finance.
- Capital
- Manama
- Government
- constitutional monarchy
- Population
- 1,566,888
- Area
- 760 sq km
- Location
- Middle East, archipelago in the Persian Gulf, east of Saudi Arabia
- Climate
- arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
- Natural resources
- oil; associated and nonassociated natural gas; fish; pearls
- Languages
- Arabic (official); English; Farsi; Urdu
- Religions
- Muslim 74.2%; other 25.9% (2020 est)
- Independence
- 15 August 1971 (from the UK)
- Administrative divisions
- 4 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Asimah (Capital), Janubiyah (Southern), Muharraq, Shamaliyah (Northern…
- Currency
- Bahraini dinars (BHD)
- Export partners
- UAE 16%; Saudi Arabia 15%; South Africa 8%; USA 6%…
- Import partners
- China 13%; Saudi Arabia 12%; UAE 11%; Brazil 8%…
Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain