Profile
Background and figures as recorded in the CIA World Factbook.
The Spanish founded the city of Montevideo in modern-day Uruguay in 1726 as a military stronghold, and it soon became an important commercial center due to its natural harbor. Argentina initially claimed Uruguay, but Brazil annexed the country in 1821. Uruguay declared its independence in 1825 and secured its freedom in 1828 after a three-year struggle. The administrations of President Jose BATLLE in the early 20th century launched widespread political, social, and economic reforms that established a statist tradition.
- Capital
- Montevideo
- Government
- presidential republic
- Population
- 3,449,444
- Area
- 176,215 sq km
- Location
- Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Argentina and Brazil
- Climate
- warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown
- Natural resources
- arable land; hydropower; minor minerals; fish
- Languages
- Spanish (official; Rioplatense is the most widely spoken dialect)
- Religions
- Roman Catholic 36.5%; Protestant 5% (Evangelical (non-specific) 4.6%; Adventist 0.2%; Protestant (non-specific) 0.3%)…
- Independence
- 25 August 1825 (from Brazil)
- Administrative divisions
- 19 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Flores, Flor…
- Currency
- Uruguayan pesos (UYU)
- Export partners
- China 21%; Brazil 17%; USA 8%; Argentina 5%…
- Import partners
- Brazil 22%; China 18%; Argentina 11%; USA 9%…
Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain