Profile
Background and figures as recorded in the CIA World Factbook.
Polynesians settled New Zealand between the late 1200s and the mid-1300s. They called the land Aotearoa, which legend holds is the name of the canoe that Kupe, the first Polynesian in New Zealand, used to sail to the country; the name Aotearoa is now in widespread use as the local Maori name for the country. By the 1500s, competition for land and resources led to intermittent fighting between different Maori tribes as large game became extinct. Dutch explorer Abel TASMAN was the first European to see the islands in 1642 but left after an encounter with local Maori.
- Capital
- Wellington
- Government
- parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
- Population
- 5,161,211
- Area
- 268,838 sq km
- Location
- Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia
- Climate
- temperate with sharp regional contrasts
- Natural resources
- natural gas; iron ore; sand; coal; timber; hydropower…
- Languages
- English (de facto official) 95.4%; Maori (de jure official) 4%; Samoan 2.2%; Northern Chinese 2%…
- Religions
- Christian 37.3% (Catholic 10.1%; Anglican 6.8%; Presbyterian and Congregational 5.2%; Pentecostal 1.8%…
- Independence
- 26 September 1907 (from the UK)
- Administrative divisions
- 16 regions and 1 territory*; Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury, Chatham Islands*, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Manawatu-Wang…
- Currency
- New Zealand dollars (NZD)
- Export partners
- China 28%; USA 12%; Australia 12%; Japan 6%…
- Import partners
- China 20%; Australia 11%; USA 9%; S. Korea 7%…
Source: CIA World Factbook — a work of the US government, in the public domain